Caffeine Parkinson Disease ResearchCaffeine Parkinson disease Many epidemiological studies have suggested that consuming caffeinated products may serve a positive neuroprotective role working against the development of Parkinson disease. Now, a new study explores the positive effects of caffeine and its metabolites in the MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, toxin) mouse model of Parkinson's disease. MPTP administration causes dopamine depletion similar to the loss of dopamine in humans with this disease. When mice were pre-treated with caffeine within 2 hours before or after MPTP brain damage, there was a significant reduction in dopamine depletion in the brain. There was no benefit when caffeine was given earlier or later than 2 hours. Caffeine's metabolites, theophylline and paraxanthine, were also effective in reducing brain damage when given 10 minutes prior to damage (Xu K, Neuroprotection by caffeine: Time course and role of its metabolites in the MPTP model of Parkinson Disease, Neuroscience, February 2010). This brain disease, characterized by gait problems, loss of facial affect, hands that shake (pill-rollers tremor), and other neurological deficits, affects hundreds of thousands of Americans.
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